Background
Studies on treatment efficacy in unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) often lack a predetermined treatment protocol, and little is known about the effects of specific vocal techniques on vocal outcomes and quality of life in UVFP patients. The purpose of this preliminary proof-of-concept study is to investigate the effects and feasibility of two intensive treatment protocols based on water-resistance therapy (WRT) and vocal function exercises (VFE).
Methods
Ten participants with acute or chronic UVFP/paresis were recruited in the study and randomly assigned to the WRT or VFE group. Three of these participants presented with aphonia and could not complete the program as prescribed. The remaining participants completed an intensive therapy program with the assigned vocal technique. Before, during, and after the program, a multidimensional voice assessment was performed. Maximum phonation time, acoustic, perceptual, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were obtained.
Results
WRT and VFE had positive clinical effects on instrumental and auditory-perceptual voice quality, glottal closure, and PROMs, but interindividual variability was high. Studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm or refute these findings.
Conclusion
The WRT- and VFE-based therapy programs are both feasible and seem to elicit positive clinical changes in UVFP patients. Suggestions on how to improve the programs are provided, as well as considerations for implementation in clinical practice. Follow-up research is needed to examine the efficacy of both programs on group level.