Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) is a widely used measure in speech and voice research. It assesses the duration a person can sustain a vowel sound on one breath, providing insights into vocal function and respiratory control. Factors such as age, sex, body height, phonation frequency, intensity, and vowel type significantly influence MPT. MPT is highly reliable for voice assessment, with high intra-rater and inter-rater reliability, especially when multiple trials are conducted. This measure is particularly useful in evaluating voice disorders, treatment efficacy, and the impact of various factors on vocal performance. MPT is reduced in cases of unilateral recurrent nerve paralysis with dysphonia, and improvements in voice are associated with increased MPT, highlighting its diagnostic value. However, MPT has little to do with voice quality and is not a valid measure of communication competence or voice use. OBJECTIVE/METHOD: This review of the literature describes how MPT has been used in voice research, including what other measures are typically included alongside MPT. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The significance of this literature review includes illuminating the use of MPT as an outcome measure in voice research.