| Abstract | Objective: To explore the biphonic mechanisms of Hoomei singing
Methods: Eighteen different singing styles of a Hoomei singer were analyzed with
spectrogram, strobe laryngoscopy and MRI. The frequency and energy changes
of each formant in the spectrogram and frequency spectrum during singing, as
well as the morphological changes of the tongue base, epiglottis, lateral
pharyngeal walls and posterior pharyngeal wall under endoscopy at the same
time were analyzed. The relationship between the melody pitch and the
pharyngeal cavity, laryngeal cavity and tongue base under different singing styles
was observed.
Results: 1. The hypopharyngeal cavity was constricted and the piriform fossa
narrowed in all the singing styles, and 4 of the singing styles were obviously
contracted and adhered with the epiglottis, and some of the singing styles were
accompanied by the vibration of the tongue base and the epiglottis; 2. In all the
singing styles, there were different degrees of vocal folds and ventricular folds
contraction, and the laryngeal vestibule was narrowed; 3. Among all the singing
styles, the melody pitch changes of 16 singing styles were closely related to the
second formant. The left two were related to the first formant and the third
formant respectively.
Conclusion: The laryngeal cavity (vocal folds, ventricular folds, epiglottis, arytenoid
area), pharyngeal cavity (lateral pharyngeal wall, posterior pharyngeal wall),
tongue base and oral cavity are involved in the regulation of the singing processof Hoomei. The melody pitch of Hoomei is closely related to the second formant.
The front and back of the tongue position play an important role in regulating the
frequency of the second formant.
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